Episode 18 -Rules of Madd (Elongation) I/nLetters of Madd -- وي ا, preceded by fat'ha, kasra, or dhamma, in that order, respectively/nNatural Madd -- occurs when a letter of madd i...
Episode 17 -- The Silent م/nIdghaam Shafawai (Idghaam of the Lips) -- when followed by another م, with ghunnah, usually indicated with a shaddah/nIkhfaa Shafawai -- when followed b...
Episode 16 -- Ikhfaa (Supressing)/nIkhfaa (supressing or hiding the sound of the nun sakinah or tanween with a ghunnah) -- all remaining letters that have not been addressed by idh...
Episode 15 -- Idghaam (Merging) II/nIdghaam with Gunnah (the nun sakinah or tanween is bypassed so that the letter before it is connected to the letter after it, but there is a ghu...
Episode 14 -- Iqlaab (Conversion) & Idghaam (Merging) I/nIqlaab (changing the nun sakinah or tanween into a م instead, sometimes signified in a mus'haf by a م) -- only when fol...
Episode 13 -- Idh-haar (Clarity)/nAny ghunnah is held for two harakas./nLetters of Idh-haar (when a nun sakinah or tanween is followed by one of these letters, simply pronounce the...